spine

() [Baba, 2005].

^{Carapace, spines, based on Munida. [Baba, 2005]}

() [Baba, 2005].

^{Anterior part of carapace, including ocular peduncles, based on Munidopsis. [Baba, 2005]}

A cuticular outgrowth without a recognizable basal articulation [Ingle, 1992].

A non-articulated cuticular extension that has a base that is generally not as wide as the structure is long; regardless of its size or shape, a spine has no socket [Watling, 1989].

A pointed outpocketing of the cuticle that is confluent with the cuticle at its base (not articulated) [Wilson, 1989].

Sharp, stiff, fairly robust protuberance on body or appendages [Butler, T.H.].

(Order Cladocera):

Anal spine, carapace spine [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Notostraca):

One of numerous small, spine-like projections of body rings, telson, or supra-anal plate [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Anostraca):

Abdominal spine [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Decapoda):

One of numerous sharp, spine-like projections on carapace. Typically refers to anterior projections in shrimp-like (natantian) decapod. According to position and group one may distinguish, e.g., antennal, branchiostegal, hepatic, postorbital, postrostral, pterygostomial, suborbital, and supraorbital spines [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Mysida):

One of several thorn-like projections on carapace, body, or appendages. According to position, those on carapace may be termed antennal, branchiostegal, posterolateral, and posterodorsal spines (the latter unpaired) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Subclass Copepoda):

Stout, often thickened and rigid, armature element on paired appendages or caudal rami, with internal tissue connection through integument [Boxshall and Halsey, 2004].

(Class Ostracoda):

Type of valve sculpture: elongate, larger, typically pointed projection. (clavellate, conjunctive, disjunctive, mamillate, marginal, perforate) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Euphausiacea):

One of various spine-like projections of body. According to position one may distinguish median preanal spine on ventral surface of last abdominal somite (pleomere), dorsal or middorsal spine on dorsal midline of one or more pleomeres, as well as interior or posterior spine associated with lateral margin of carapace. See: subapical spine [Stachowitsch, 1992].