cephalon

A term that refers to the head of a crustacean [Brusca and Brusca, 2002].

Anterior region of the body bearing the antennules, antennae, eyes, mandibles, maxillules, and maxillae [Holdich and Jones, 1983].

Anteriormost tagma, bearing eyes, mouth, two pairs of antennae, and three pairs of mouthparts. (Syn. head) [McLaughlin, 1980].

Head, body segments bearing eyes, antennules, antennae, mandibles, maxillules, and maxillae [Poore, 2004].

Most anterior tagma, bearing eyes, mouth, 2 pairs of antennae, and 3 pairs of mouth-part appendages (e.g., Branchiopoda, Ostracoda, Leptostraca, Bathynella). (Syn. head) [Moore and McCormick, 1969].

The head, or anteriormost body unit. In isopods, the cephalon bears the eyes, mouth, antennulae, antennae, and four pairs of mouthparts (mandibles, maxillulae, maxillae, and maxillipeds) [Wilson, 1989].

(Order Cladocera):

Head [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Diplostraca):

Head [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Anostraca):

Head [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Class Cephalocarida):

Anterior of three basic divisions (tagmata) of body (cephalon, thorax, abdomen). Relatively short and covered dorsally by cephalic shield. Consists of five fused segments (somites) bearing antennules, antennae, mandibles, maxillules, and maxillae. (Syn. head) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Cumacea):

Anterior of three basic divisions (tagmata) of body (cephalon, thorax, abdomen = pleon). Fused with three thoracic somites to form cephalothorax; accordingly, body may be interpreted as being divided into cephalothorax and pleon or into cephalon, pereon and pleon. (Syn. head) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Decapoda):

Anterior part of cephalothorax. Consists of anterior acron and five cephalic somites and bears eyes, antennules, antennae, labrum, mouth, mandibles, maxillules, maxillae, and labium. First three thoracic appendages (maxillipeds) closely associated with head. Covered, along with thorax, by carapace. (Syn. head) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Amphipoda):

Anterior of three major divisions (tagmata) of body (cephalon, pereon, pleon). Typically laterally compressed and fused with first (occasionally also second) thoracic somite to form cephalothorax. The term head is often used synonymously with cephalothorax. (with/without rostrum, anteriorly truncate; laterally compressed, dorsoventrally flattened). (Syn. head) See: lateral lobe, postantennal sinus [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Isopoda):

Anterior division (tagma) of body bearing eyes, mouth, two antennules, two antennae, and three pairs of mouthparts; fused with first thoracic segment, in certain cases also with second, and therefore occasionally referred to as a cephalothorax. (Syn. head) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Isopoda):

Anterior region of body or head; more correctly the cephalothorax in isopods, as the first pereonal segment is usually fused with the head [Kensley and Schotte, 1989].

(Order Isopoda):

Head; strictly speaking the cephalon of an isopod is a cephalothorax, as it is always fused with the first thoracomere (and also with the second thoracomere in the Gnathiidea) [Wetzer et al. 1997].

() [Wetzer et al. 1997].

^{Nomenclature of isopod cephalon (A). Examples of isopod mouth appendages: Idoteidae (B, C, F, H); Cirolanidae (D, E, G, I). [Wetzer et al. 1997]}

(Order Stomatopoda):

Anterior division (tagma) of body (cephalon, thorax, abdomen). Consists of an anterior acron and five somites and bears eyes, antennules, antennae, epistome, labrum, mouth, mandibles, maxillules, and maxillae. Covered, along with first four somites (thoracomeres) of thorax, by carapace. (Syn. head) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Leptostraca):

Anterior of three divisions (tagmata) of body (cephalon, thorax, abdomen). Consists of five somites bearing antennules, antennae, mandibles, maxillules, and maxillae. Covered by rostral plate and, posteriorly, by carapace. (Syn. head) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Subclass Branchiura):

Anterior part of cephalothorax (or anterior of three tagmata of body: cephalon, pereon, abdomen). Partially fused to first thoracic somite and delimited from last three thoracic somites (pereon) by cervical groove and ridges on carapace. Bears antennules, antennae, preoral sting, proboscis with mandibles, mouth and modified lips, maxillules and maxillae. (Syn. head) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Subclass Copepoda):

A complex of all of the somites of the head [Ferrari and Dahms, in press].

(Subclass Copepoda):

Anterior of three basic divisions of body (cephalon, thorax, abdomen). Consists of five (cephalic) somites and bears antennules, antennae, labrum, mouth, labium, mandibles, maxillules, and maxillae. Fused with one or more thoracic somites (thoracomeres) to form cephalosome. (Syn. head) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Subclass Copepoda):

Head: the anterior region of the body, comprising the first five somites (antennulary to maxillary somites) [Boxshall and Halsey, 2004].

(Subclass Mystacocarida):

Anterior of three basic division of body (according to interpretation, either cephalon, maxillipedal somite, thoracoabdomen, or cephalon, thorax, abomen). Relatively large and divided into anterior (antennulary) and posterior parts by groove (cephalic constriction). Bears antennules, antennae, mandibles, maxillules, and maxillae. (Syn. head) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Class Ostracoda):

Head [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Class Remipedia):

Anterior division of body (cephalon, trunk) bearing frontal processes, antennules, anteannae, labrum, mouth, mandible, maxillules, maxillae, and maxillipeds; covered dorsally by cephalic shield. First trunk segment fused to cephalon. (Syn. head) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Superorder Syncarida):

Head [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Thermosbaenacea):

Anterior of three basic divisions (tagmata) of body (cephalon, thorax, abdomen). Fused with first thoracic somite, leading to alternate interpretation (cephalon, pereon, abdomen). Covered by carapace. (See also cephalothorax). (Syn. head) [Stachowitsch, 1992].

(Order Euphausiacea):

Anterior part of cephalothorax. Consists of five cephalic somites bearing antennules, antennae, mandibles, maxillules, and maxillae. Covered, along with thorax, by carapace. (Syn. head) See: protocephalon [Stachowitsch, 1992].